The rapid advances in technology in the past century, and especially the past two decades, present both incredible opportunities and potentially apocalyptic challenges. The development of Artificial Intelligence (AI) as fully autonomous robots seems a far-fetched science-fiction, but we may be only twenty years from their development, and yet there are many uncertainties surrounding how they are likely to affect our lives.  The ethical and legal implications of their development, and especially as weapons of war and triggers of a robot arms race, are a popular topic of discussion in major political forums such as the United Nations. While some argue that AI is the moment for true human progress, others see them as furthering slavery in the name of progress. In the doomsday scenario, AI could also be the single most likely source of human extinction. The uncertainty of where technology will lead us, whether in advancing human progress, in exacerbating violence and catastrophic destruction, or somewhere in-between, is at the root of this panel.